U N I T 7 🧑🏫
Grammar:
Present Continuous or Progressive
We use the P. Progressive for actions that are happening in this moment.
I am working now.
You are studying English.
He is eating lunch.
She is cooking.
Structure:
Subject + am/is/are + verb in base form + ing + C
Verb to be:
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They are
What am I doing?
You are calling
What are you doing?
I am …..
My dad is cooking.
He is cooking.Negative form:
I am working now.
(-) I am not working now.
(-) I’m not working now.
You are studying English.
You aren’t studying English.
You’re not studying English.
You are not studying English.
He is eating lunch.
He isn’t eating lunch.
He is not eating lunch.
He’s not eating lunch.
Spelling:
Study = He is studying
Go = They are going
Come = She is coming
See = It is seeing
Get = We are getting late.
cut = She is cutting the cheese.
Time expressions:
Today
Now
Right now
In this moment
At the moment
This……….
These …….
Look
Listen
Idiom:
Piece of cake (very very very easy)
Questions.
Yes/no questions
He is listening to music.
Is he listening to music?
Yes, he is
No, he isn’t
You are working today.
Are you working today?
Yes, I am
No, I’m not
Am I teaching English?
Yes, you are
No, you aren’t
Wh-questions/information questions
What are you doing?
I am studying English.
Are you studying?
What are you studying?
I am studying English.
Where are you studying?
I am studying English at home.
When are you studying?
I am studying English in the afternoons.
Who are you studying with?
I am studying English with my friends
Why are you studying?
Because it is necessary.
Because it is important.
Because I want to get a good job.
You is different tan your ……
UNIT 8
What are you wearing?
I
am wearing a suit and tie
They are wearing formal clothes.
What kinds of clothes do you like to
wear?
I
like to wear sneakers, shorts and t-shirt.
Grammar:
Like to
Want to
Need to
Have to
verbs + to
I like to
travel. (Me gusta viajar)
I
don’t like to travel.
He
likes to travel.
He
doesn’t like to travel.
I
like an apple.
You want to eat some cake. (Tu quieres comer
pastel)
You
don’t want to eat some
cake.
She
wants to eat some
cake.
She
doesn’t want to eat some
cake
You
want a car.
We need to study English. (Nosotros necesitamos
estudiar I)
We
don’t need to study
English.
My
friend needs to
study.
My
friend doesn’t need to study.
We
need an eraser.
They have to go to the cinema. (Ellos tienen
que ir al cine)
They
don’t have to go to the cinema.
He
has to go to
the cinema.
He
doesn’t have to go to the cinema
They
have an apartment.
Structure:
Subject + like/want/need/have + to
+ verb base form + c.
Third
person:
He – she – it
Simple
present we add:
S-ES-IES
I
go to the park.
My
brother goes to the park.
You
study Chemistry.
He
studies Chemistry.
Have
I
have
You
have
He has
She has
It has
We
have
You
have
They
have
Negative form:
We
have 2 auxiliary verbs
Don’t
(I-you-we-they)
Doesn’t
(he-she-it)
Questions:
We
use 2 auxiliary verbs:
Do (I-you-we-they)
Does (he-she-it)
You
like to speak Chinese.
Do you like to speak Chinese?
Yes,
I do
No,
I don’t
She
wants to visit Madrid.
Does she want to visit Madrid?
What
do you find (color) in nature? (neichur)
What
do you find (red) in nature? (neichur)
An apple
What
do you find (green) in nature? (neichur)
A tree, broccoli, etc
Grammar:
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
|
This (near) |
These (near) |
|
That (point the object) |
Those (point the objects) |
How much is this
car? ¿Cuánto cuesta este carro?
this = esto, esta, este
(Singular) It’s $25.000
How much are these
cars? ¿Cuánto
cuestan estos carros?
these = estos, estas
(plural) They’re $45.000
How much is that
car?
That
= esa, ese
How much are those
cars? ¿Cuánto
cuestas esos carros?
Those=
esos, esas
UNIT 9
What
other things do you like to do when you visit other places?
Try
local food.
Visit
museums.
Visit
the zoo.
Go
shopping
Visit
a ferry
Grammar:
Can
= poder
Can is a modal verb
Can
(+) / Can’t (-)
I
can speak English.
We
use CAN in the following situations:
1. Abilities.
2. Possibilities.
3. Requests. (pedidos)
4. Permission.
1. Abilities
I can play the piano.
My brother can paint.
My sister can bake.
My father can swim.
Structure:
Subject + can / can’t + verb base form + c.
I can to sing
I can running
2. Negative form
I
can drive a car.
(-)
I can’t drive a car.
You
can sing in Italian.
(-)
You can’t sing in Italian.
He
can iron.
(-)
He can’t iron.
3. Questions
(?)
Can you draw a mountain?
Yes,
I can
No,
I can’t
She can dance salsa.
Can she dance salsa?
Yes,
she can
No,
she can’t
2.
Possibility
You can eat maito.
You can eat chontacuros.
You can eat traditional food.
Structure:
Subject + can / can’t + verb base form + c.
Yes/No questions:
You can go to the zoo.
Can
you go to the zoo?
Yes,
I can
No,
I can’t
Wh-questions / Information questions
What
languages can you speak?
I
can speak English, Spanish and Chinese.
Where
can you go in Ibarra?
I
can go to the Basilica.
I
can go to the boulevard.
I
can go to the lakes.
UNIT 10
Grammar:
Simple Past
We
can use the simple past with:
1.
Regular verbs
2.
Irregular verbs
What did you do last night?
Last
night I ……….
1.
Regular verbs
Work
= worked
Clean
= cleaned
Visit
= visited
Watch
= watched
Invite = invited
play = played stay = stayed
Study = studied cry = cried
cvc
My friend cooked dinner las night.
She invited me to the party.
They worked very hard two days ago.
Structure:
Subject + verb in past + c
Negative sentences:
We
use the auxiliary verb didn’t
(did not)
My friend cooked dinner las night.
(-)
My friend didn’t cook dinner last
night.
She invited me to the party.
(-)
She didn’t invite me to the
party.
They worked very hard two days ago.
(-)
They didn’t work very
hard two days ago.
Time expressions:
Yesterday
ago
(hace) I visited Miami three years ago.
I studied English ten years ago.
Last
……….. UNIT 10
Grammar:
Simple Past
We
can use the simple past with:
3.
Regular verbs
4.
Irregular verbs
What did you do last night?
Last
night I ……….
2.
Regular verbs
Work
= worked
Clean
= cleaned
Visit
= visited
Watch
= watched
Invite = invited
play = played stay = stayed
Study = studied cry = cried
cvc
My friend cooked dinner las night.
She invited me to the party.
They worked very hard two days ago.
Structure:
Subject + verb in past + c
Negative sentences:
We
use the auxiliary verb didn’t
(did not)
My friend cooked dinner las night.
(-)
My friend didn’t cook dinner last
night.
She invited me to the party.
(-)
She didn’t invite me to the
party.
They worked very hard two days ago.
(-)
They didn’t work very
hard two days ago.
Time expressions:
Yesterday
ago
(hace) I visited Miami three years ago.
I studied English ten years ago.
Last
………..
UNIT 10
Grammar:
Simple Past
We
can use the simple past with:
5.
Regular verbs
6.
Irregular verbs
What did you do last night?
Last
night I ……….
3.
Regular verbs
Work
= worked
Clean
= cleaned
Visit
= visited
Watch
= watched
Invite = invited
play = played stay = stayed
Study = studied cry = cried
cvc
My friend cooked dinner las night.
She invited me to the party.
They worked very hard two days ago.
Structure:
Subject + verb in past + c
Negative sentences:
We
use the auxiliary verb didn’t
(did not)
My friend cooked dinner las night.
(-)
My friend didn’t cook dinner last
night.
She invited me to the party.
(-)
She didn’t invite me to the
party.
They worked very hard two days ago.
(-)
They didn’t work very
hard two days ago.
Time expressions:
Yesterday
ago
(hace) I visited Miami three years ago.
I studied English ten years ago.
Last
………..
UNIT 11
What do you remember about your first
friend?
I met my first friend in the school, his name was Fernando. He was 6 years old. We lived in the same
neighborhood and we enjoyed
playing soccer in the afternoons. We were very happy.
Grammar: Simple Past with the verb to be and regular and irregular verbs.
TO BE (past)
I
was
You
were
He
was
She
was
It
was
We
were
You
were
They
were
I was happy.
My teacher was strict.
We were scared
They were tall.
Structure:
Subject + was/were + Adjective
I was his teacher.
He was my student.
They were friends.
Structure:
Subject + was/were + Noun
Noun:
People
Animals
Things
My
father is working
(Present Progressive)
My
father was working (Past Progressive)
Negative form:
He
was an actor.
He
was not an actor.
He
wasn’t an actor.
I
was young.
I
was not young.
I
wasn’t young.
We
were happy.
We
were not happy.
We
weren’t happy.
Questions:
Was he strong?
Yes,
he was.
UNIT 12
Ellen’s problem:
She
doesn’t know what to cook.
NOUN:
People
Animals
Things
Singular nouns:
banana
car
book
orange
Plural Nouns
bananas
3
cars
10
books
eggs
COUNTABLE NOUNS
We
can count the nouns
Countable
nouns have singular form
a= 1 an= 1
a
pineapple an orange
a
banana an apple
a
peach an eraser
a
melon an umbrella
an hour (1 hora)
and plural form.
peaches
20
oranges
UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
We
can’t count the
nouns
Uncountable
nouns DON’T have plural form.
water
rice
salt
meat
Quantifiers
|
|
COUNTABLE |
UNCOUNTABLE |
Example |
|
Much |
|
x |
There is much sugar. |
|
Many |
x |
|
I have many apples. |
|
How much ¿Cuánto/a |
|
x |
How much salt do you need? |
|
How many |
x |
|
How many students fail the exam? |
|
Few (pocos) |
x |
|
I have few oranges |
|
Little |
|
x |
There is little milk. |
|
Some |
x |
x |
I have some apples. I need some sugar. |
|
A lot of |
X |
X |
I have a lot of vegetables. I have a lot of meat. |
What would you like? ¿Qué te
gustaría?
I
would like (Me gustaría)
I’d
like = I would like
What
would you like to eat?
I’d like to eat pasta.
I would like to eat pasta.
either
(ider) = tampoco
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